Pros and Cons of Using Ethanol Biofuel E85

Advantages and disadvantages of Using Ethanol Biofuel E85 Around 49 million ethanol adaptable fuel vehicles, cruisers and light trucks were sold in the United States by mid-2015, yet numerous purchasers despite everything stay ignorant that the vehicle they own can use E85. E85 is 85 percent ethanol and 15 percent gasoline.â Ethanol is a biofuel that delivered in the U.S. with corn. Ethanol fuelâ isâ ethyl liquor, a similar kind ofâ alcoholâ found inâ alcoholic beverages. It has been a piece of the nation’s fuel gracefully for practically 40â years. Research shows that ethanol may assist lower with powering costs, improve air quality and increment octane. Ethanol can be utilized in any vehicle and is secured under guarantee by each automaker in the U.S. A few vehicles can utilize more ethanol than others. What Is a Flexible-Fuel Vehicle Aâ flexible-fuel vehicle isâ also known as anâ alternative fuel vehicleâ with anâ internal ignition motor intended to run on more than oneâ fuel, ordinarily, gasolineâ blended with eitherâ ethanolâ orâ methanol fuel, and the two fills are put away in a similar basic tank.â Vehicles That Are E85 Compatible The U.S. Branch of Energy tracks mileage data and assists buyers with performing flex-fuel cost correlations and computations. The office likewise keeps up a database of all E85 good vehicles.â Adaptable fuel vehicles have been delivered since the 1990s, and in excess of 100 models are at present accessible. Since these vehicles look simply like gas just models, you might be driving an adaptable fuel vehicle and not know it. Preferences of Flex-Fuel Vehicles Changing to an ethanol-based fuel moves us further from spending our depletable petroleum derivatives and closer to U.S. vitality freedom. Ethanol creation in the U.S. essentially originates from corn. In the American Midwest, corn fields are saved for ethanol creation, which has been appeared to positively affect work development and solidness. Ethanol is additionally greener than fuel since corn and different plants ingest carbon dioxide from the environment as they develop. The fuel despite everything discharges CO2 when you copy it, yet it is accepted that the net increment is lower. Any vehicle since 1980 has been intended to deal with up to 10 percent ethanol in the gas, letting you run that level of your miles on a local fuel as opposed to crucial non-renewable energy sources. Inconveniences of Flex-Fuel Vehicles Flex-fuel vehicles may not encounter a misfortune in execution while working on E85, truth be told, some produce more torque and drive than while working on gas, yet since E85 has less vitality per volume than gas, flex-fuel vehicles can get up to 30 percent less miles for each gallon when filled with E85. This implies you will get less miles per dollar spent. On the off chance that topping off with flex-fuel is the thing that you need, at that point finding a flex-fuel station may be somewhat troublesome. Just around 3,000 stations over the U.S. sell E85 right now and the vast majority of those stations are in the Midwest. To give you some point of view, there are around 150,000 corner stores in the nation. In spite of the promising exploration, there are still question marks with respect to the farming effects and genuine vitality parity of developing yields to use as fuel.

The Cinema Effect: Illusion, Reality, and the Moving Image Matthew Buckingham: a Man in the Crowd

A Mirrored Image of Reality Realism is a domain of workmanship that centers around an individual’s point of view of this present reality using shifting mediums. In authentic occasions craftsman have consistently and wherever looked to extend the topic of their work just as the media in which they work. It is precise to state that the historical backdrop of political concealment of human expressions from Egyptian occasions to Byzantium to Nazism and Zhdanovism is an appearance of endeavors to restrain or annul extension of imaginative topic or new structures or styles.The drive to break out of the limits of customary portrayal emerges from the need to communicate new encounters and viewpoints. What's more, as developments in aesthetic media reflect equal specialized revelations and creations, so likewise does the drive to extend the skylines of topic reflecting crucial changes in social relations, social needs, and social qualities and targets. In the â€Å"Cinema Effect Illus ions, Reality, and the Moving Image† show the different craftsmen look to make works that incorporate film into our apparent idea of reality.Amongst the specialists included in the display is Matthew Buckingham. Matthew Buckingham does a brief film dependent on Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Man in the crowd† likewise a similar name of his film. Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The man in the crowd† is an account and not a real film. Buckingham subsequent to perusing the account was hit with how the story could be an allegory and worldview for the topic of true to life filmmaking itself, Buckingham’s film is a quiet film delivered in dark and white.There are numerous equals with Poe’s account and Buckingham’s film. Buckingham’s film gives the visual part of Poe’s story. However, Buckingham’s film is increasingly contemporary, he changes the setting of the film from nineteenth century Paris to that of advanced Vienna. Po e didn’t know London and subtleties are obtained from Dickens, Poe’s London sounds progressively like New York versus nineteenth century London. The subtleties that Poe utilizes originate from an audit that Poe did of a story by Dickens.Poe fictionalizes the story by saying, â€Å"they secured and crossed the edges of the city† which would have been difficult to do around then, his portrayal sounds increasingly like current Vienna . With Poe’s â€Å"The man in the crowd† one man is following a total outsider yet it is muddled whether the supporter is ever mindful that he is being followed or on the off chance that he ever recognizes the man that tails him; the distinction with Buckingham is that he includes another character, he presents the camera as a character in the film.Edgar Allan Poe’s story is from one keeps an eye on perspective, a man sits at a coffeehouse and watches individuals stroll by and depicts them, of the individuals he se es stroll by him he is charmed by an older respectable man who strolls by him, and afterward the man in the bistro starts to tail him. A man basically gets inspired by another keeps an eye on way and afterward he invests in tailing him covertly for a twenty-four hour time span in would like to pick up something about the man . In this time allotment, the old noble man experiences out London in a twisted manner moving between various places in no specific way or reason.Matthew Buckingham’s rendition starts with a youngster wearing a dark shirt and dull shaded jeans in a bistro. In is the main segment of the film where there is some exchange, which is heard. The youngster sits at a table with an enormous window that pears into the midtown zone of Vienna, there are numerous individuals that stroll by him and get his attention. While he sits a more established man wearing a suit strolls by and grabs his eye. Starting here on the youngster starts to follow the more seasoned respec table man in the suit.Throughout the term of the film the more youthful man subtly follows the more seasoned noble man. The more seasoned refined man doesn't seem to detect that he is being followed, the man go to different spots, there is no reasonable goal a corresponding with Poe’s story yet the more seasoned man of the two doesn't give off an impression of being muddled in any capacity while in Poe’s story the man is fascinated by the more established man as a result of his twisted state. In the film the greater part of the scenes just component the more established man, there are not many scenes where the man strolls around crowed zones and spaces permitting the watcher to just concentrate on this man.There is one section in the film where the man being followed recognizes his devotee, the men are both strolling through what gives off an impression of being a mobile through a bramble garden, now the man in the suit begins running as though he understands that some body is tailing him, yet he never pivots to recognize the man tailing him starting here on the man in the suit has vanished from the film yet he is then show in another scene. In the accompanying scene this is the first occasion when that the more youthful man is presented in the film.Throughout the film just the rear of the man in the suit is seen we never get a full perspective on both of the men, presently, in this scene the camera is presented as another character in the film. Before this point in the film is was vague to know whether the more youthful man was additionally the camera fellow yet realize obviously he is separated of the film as a character. The accompanying scene starts to follow the man in the suit again however this time the watcher can get a closer perspective on him.Both men stand directly close to one another and the point of the camera moves between the two men. There is a move in the film the more seasoned man turns into somewhat more ignorant and perplexed as the film proceeds. The man in the suit starts strolls into a jam-packed territory and he looks as though he is attempting to discover a person or thing, now the two men are sufficiently close to one another to where they can genuinely grasp each other. The more established man is engrossed in his considerations that he actually brushes past the other man and leaves the structure they are in quickly.Transitioning in the film the more seasoned man goes to a train station and he now shows up extremely muddled and befuddled he strolls in the station and looks as though he is going to load up one of the trains yet stops himself and leaves. Now the man is back outside and the center movements from the more established man as individuals stroll before him and he appears to be lost inside the group, dusks and the man is turns into the concentrate again and he keeps on strolling carelessly. He at that point goes into a bar and he is among the numerous individuals in the bar, when he leav es it is totally dim and the film ends.This film embodies a sort of authenticity since it portrays a sensible part of regular day to day existence without embellishment. The genuine film depends on one man; the film tails him all through one twenty-four hour time frame. The main ridiculous part of the film is simply the film, that somebody is furtively following someone else. The keeps an eye on activities in the film follow regular action. Buckingham made a film that even permits the watcher to be superimposed inside it. The film is shown from two projectors. The projector is unattached and resembles a window, much the same as that of the window in the bistro where the film begins.So once we superimpose ourselves before the projector we are presently separated of the film. The film turns out to be genuine and separated of the watchers reality in light of the fact that even the watcher can encounter what is happening and be separated. The watcher presently plays the job of the camer a or the individual after the man and experience what is happening. Likewise the man in the group is a relatable character we would all be able to relate to the man in the group. The man that was followed was picked arbitrarily, he had no clue he was being followed and he had no discernable qualities that would make he an undeniable applicant. Buckingham’s film is like an exhibition by Vito Acconci.Vito Acconci does a presentation like that of what Buckingham does in his film though Acconci chases after a man without his authorization. The two specialists push the limits of what craftsmanship is and its communications with life and its existence. The two specialists with their work obscure the line of craftsman and the apparent crowd/subject. These works can be delegated vanguard and how they move away from the considered gauges and attributes of workmanship and what it ought to be craftsmanship without a particular structure and coordinated discernment. In this equivalent wa y Matthew Buckingham’s film is like the photographs of Jeff Wall.Jeff Wall utilizes photography to catch the various parts of our existence and saw reality. One of Jeff Wall’s photographs is â€Å"A see from an Apartment†, in this photograph Wall portrays a customary scene among two flat mates, yet he has changed the photograph marginally to cause the photograph to show up progressively reasonable, he utilizes this picture to delineate two distinct parts of our existence. His work like that of Buckingham’s examines our social thoughts of the world. Like that of photography film can catch a second as it occurs, with mechanical advances in both there is the capacity to return and change or control the symbolism to something else.With both craftsman they can cause their specialty to show up as though it were regular and unaltered. Buckingham’s film seems regular and natural with no control, yet the characters of the film where all mindful of one anoth er and Buckingham’s idea and thought for this film hence making this reality fake. There are intriguing and instructive records of workmanship going from exacting formalism to analysis, yet that these had best be enlisted and tried against increasingly broad logical speculations of human culture and culture.When this is done, the substance of crafted by craftsmanship can be identified with the methods for logical, sensible and experimental hypotheses of culture and society. This film addresses so

What a Game!

What a Game! Congratulations to Fish Griwkowsky, a journalist from the Edmonton Journal, who took our Minimalism Game to the next level by documenting his month-long experience in this newspaper article, which includes an impressive (and funny) two-minute video. document.createElement('video'); http://cfvod.kaltura.com/pd/p/1698541/sp/169854100/serveFlavor/entryId/1_vdc72q4v/v/1/flavorId/1_mdwr83iz/name/a.mp4 Griwkowsky said the process of purging the excess was cathartic, painful, and generally embarrassing. And after the clutter was cleared, he had a revelation: Getting rid of all this crap sure feels like a dream. A brand-new month is just around the corner. So grab a partnerâ€"friend, family member, co-worker, or archnemesisâ€"and get ready to let go. New to the Minimalism Game? Heres how it works. You can share your photosâ€"and see others journeysâ€"using the #MinsGame hashtag on social media. Check out our documentary: Minimalism.

My Life - Original Writing - 1005 Words

In late autumn, the wiltering sullen trees stood deathly still under the dark, gray sky, held their frail, tired limbs by their sides and reached out to receive nothing but cold harsh winds. Beneath the barely noticeable shrubs and brushes was the cold hard soil, in which red, brown , yellow, and orange leaves spread across the entire ground as far as I could see. On some trees, not a single leaf was found. They lay across on the earth too weak to get up. The car sped quickly through piles of leaves making them fly into the air. Stepping out of the car, the wind blew past my deep chocolate hair blowing it in my face in the process. My heart thudded in my chest. I felt fear like I had never felt before. I truly wanted to go, but I had no†¦show more content†¦As we went higher and higher, my head felt lighter and lighter. I look down at the river, the river reminded me of the time my family had visited the Amazon River, it was beautiful. The trees surrounding the river were br ight green even though it was autumn. As I was looking at the marvelous view below me, I hear a clunk in in the right propeller. I quickly ask the instructor who was named Matt, about the noise. â€Å"What was that?† I said fretfully â€Å"Don’t worry about it, you will hear that every now and then, just ignore it† Matt just waved it off like it was nothing. Several minutes later, I heard the same noise getting louder and louder. I look right once again and this time I see the wing shaking. This time I show my sister what I was seeing. I hear a murmur from Eva. â€Å"Are you sure that wing will not be a problem?† Eva tried to yell â€Å"Don’t worry about it, focus on the view.† Matt replied â€Å"How can you focus on the view when the propeller is doing that!† Eva shouted back â€Å"Guys!! Why is the propeller have smoke coming out of it!† With that Matt swiftly turned his head facing the right wing. â€Å"Oh no!† â€Å"Oh no? What is wrong?† I asked in worry â€Å"Strap in tight, we are going down!† â€Å"Mayday! Mayday!† Matt yelled as he tried to connect to the radio. â€Å"What is you r condition?† The operator said calmly â€Å"We are going down into the river hurry!† â€Å"What are yo-....† The line cut off The planeShow MoreRelatedMy Life - Original Writing1267 Words   |  6 PagesI yawn and arch my back in a big stretch. I could see my breath in the air. It would be getting colder from now on. I take a look around the small hut we call home. Adam is still curled up on the old mattress, a bundle of blankets wrapped around him. Mom isn’t sleeping next to him, probably out tending the garden. It seems that’s all she’s been doing these past few months. I stand up and walk over to Adam. He is sound asleep, a small amount of drool collecting on his chin. I smile at this and grabRead MoreMy Life - Original Writing977 Words   |  4 PagesWhen my son was ten years old, he asked me if I had ever been bullied before, or if I’d ever bullied anyone. I told him no! Not me! He said, â€Å"Mom, Nana told me that you were bullied, and you bullied people before, too.† I wondered if I should tell him the truth in that moment, that yes, when I was your age and younger, I was bullied, and yes, I bullied others, too. The thought that I could jeopardize my relationship with my son scared me. I could see it dwindling. The actions from my past might makeRead MoreMy Life - Original Writing850 Words   |  4 Pagesto go!† My sister vanessa yelled at me as I was packing the last of my things . I was fifteen and I had just arrived to my new home in Garland. I had just moved form Plainview and I was leaving my friends and family that I had grown up with behind. Moving to Garland while still in High School was one experience that changed my life. I had just finished my freshman year In high school when I had gotten the news that my mom decided to move. She decided that it was best for her and my step dadRead MoreMy Life - Original Writing1463 Words   |  6 Pagesgrim gossip about my old babysitter which made me think of a particular summer morning, bookmarked in my long-term memory. During the school holidays in my ninth summer, I was lying under the garden tree, staring at a singular leaf that was eclipsing the summer sun as the zephyr tenderly blew it back and forth; giving it a seductive allure, while thinking about the previous night. Mother and father were having an agitated discussion downstairs in the living room. Sitting on my bed not able to sleep;Read MoreMy Life - Original Writing1725 Words   |  7 Pagesheavy cry, the physical cracking of my innocent heart. All things that I felt, but hid, in the summer of 2013. This was the day that my family, my world, fell apart for good. Everything was a lie, or so I was told by one party and by the other half, there were no lies. Forced to choose sides between my loved ones, I broke down and grew up in a matter of hours. The day was hot, in June or maybe even July. I had just returned from a fantastic vacation with one of my best childhood friends. We had goneRead MoreMy Life - Original Writing978 Words   |  4 PagesThen my world fell apart. A piercing scream filled the air, one that I will never forget. It was my mother’s... Then everything went black. All the memories poured back, the hospital, hearing the words, â€Å"dear your mother and father are gone. They didn’t make it, I’m so sorry.† And now... The rain washed down my red face along with my tears. Without any sympathy the thunder and lightning bolted down on the damp earth. There I stood my black shoes sinking into the muddy ground. I lifted my blurredRead MoreMy Life - Original Writing1236 Words   |  5 Pagesmoney my dad gave me for ice cream, tight in my hand. I saw the group sitting outside getting ready to go.I could see myself sitting in the back on the porch, eating the delicious flurry that I was soon to order. My brother,my best friend Cassie and her two brothers along with her dad and I were going to ride our bikes through a trail off in the woods and go to Whistlestop Park and then cut through town and head to Houseman s, an ice cream shop near our house. I quickly finished tying my shoe andRead MoreMy Life - Original Writing912 Words   |  4 Pagesfinally decided to have the have the guts and ask my mom the question I had been wanting to ask her. Growing up I had strict parents but not that strict as if I were a prisoner in my own home. Almost every parent appear to be strict others on the other hand are not strict. Entering high school would be the most scariest chapter in my life, I going to meet several new people in my life. Biting my nails as I’m walking in on my first day of highschool, I turn my head left and right as if I were an owl. SeeingRead MoreMy Life - Original Writing1319 Words   |  6 Pageschild, I always used to think that my parents were indestructible. I n my eyes, there was absolutely nothing that could hurt them. Obviously, there is no logic behind this preposterous belief, yet I still felt that way for almost a decade of my life. Unfortunately, my idealistic views came to an end when I was nine years old. My father, who was always some sort of superhero in my life, was diagnosed with end stage renal failure in the summer of 2006. All of a sudden, my super hero didn’t seem so indestructibleRead MoreMy Life - Original Writing1046 Words   |  5 PagesI’m about 13 years old, married to a 35 year old man, and pregnant with the son of God while I’m still a virgin. Yes, my life’s going great. I was a Jewish girl getting ready to marry a well-established carpenter, then a man came to me in my house and told me I was pregnant. I was shocked, because I’m only 13 and was still a virgin. Well, it happened. I conceived when the angel told me I would, went into labor on the way to Bethlehem, and gave birth in a stable because the innkeeper didn’t have any

Function of DNA polymerase - 500 Words

Function: of DNA polymerase DNA polymerase is a very important enzyme when it comes to DNA replication. DNA polymerase, more specifically, is involved in the process of reading and adding nucleotides to the DNA strand so a complimentary stand can be made. During the DNA replication process DNA polymerase puts new nucleotides on the 3’ end of the DNA Strand. Not only does DNA polymerase add nucleotides to a DNA strand it can also act somewhat as a â€Å"proof reader†. It can pause the replication process to fix mistakes that can occur during DNA replication. Once the sequencing mistake is identified DNA polymerase can get rid of the nucleotides and continue on with the replication process. DNA polymerase functions in many different processes†¦show more content†¦They found that the type of DNA polymerase in E.coli, DNA Polymerase III, has different characteristics in the nucleus that makes its catalyzing action nonexistent. In the experiment they tried to reintr oduce the nuclease from other bacteria into the E.coli. The results show that E.coli has evolved differently than other bacteria and may use a different process to proof reading DNA, but the PHP does play a role in the structure and activity of DNA polymerase III (Barros, Guenther, Kelch, Anaya, Prabhakar, ODonnell Lamers, 2013). A structural role for the PHP domain in E. coli DNA polymerase III. BMC Structural Biology, 13(1), 1-12. doi:10.1186/1472-6807-13-8. DNA polymerase can have a particular function when it comes do different diseases or conditions. DNA polymerase has a specific function in the treatment of hepatitis B. The hepatitis B virus depends on a type of DNA polymerase called reverse transcriptase. When patients that are given a class of medication called analogue nucleosides. This medication specifically targets the DNA polymerase in the Hepatitis B Virus. In some Hepatitis B cases the DNA polymerase mutates in the presence of the treatment casing a resistance (Ngu yen, Garcia, Trinh, Nguyen, Nguyen, Nguyen, Levitt, 2009). It also can be seen in research to try to stop cancerous growth. DNAShow MoreRelatedExploring Protein Structure With The Molecular Visualization Firstglance1041 Words   |  5 Pagesusing the FirstGlance in Jmol molecular visualization to examine key structural features of proteins. This work is important because protein structure can be related to function, multiple-sequence alignments and evolutionary preservation, and designing drug. FirstGlance in Jmol makes it fairly easy to perceive structure-function relationships in the protein you chose. Using FirstGlance, it is easy to visualize and distinguish chains, and disulfide bonds are obvious. Alpha helices and beta strandsRead MoreDna Protein Protein Structure1707 Words   |  7 PagesDNA Polymerase Proteins are arguably the most structurally and functionally complex structures known to man. Through evolution spanning billions of years, these macromolecules have been perfected to perform many functions necessary for life. Proteins contain four distinct levels of structure and are composed of simple organic compounds known as amino acids. (Alberts, Bruce et al 2000) Amino acids are joined together by peptide bonds made during protein biosynthesis, and the linked amino acid chainRead MoreWhat Does It Mean For Dna Replication?991 Words   |  4 Pagesdoes it mean for DNA replication to be semi- conservative? Semiconservative replication means during DNA replication each DNA strand is used to make new template of DNA from the 2 parental strands of DNA (Thompson, Part 1: DNA Replication, 2014). During this replication is to ensure that the newly replicated cells have the same full set of DNA as the parent cells so the sequence will continue to work properly (Thompson, Part 1: DNA Replication, 2014). During the process of DNA replication, the strandsRead MoreGene expression is the process of protein formation. Proteins are the molecules that are900 Words   |  4 Pagesalso known as DNA in humans. DNA is a double stranded molecule comprising of a sugar-phosphate backbone and nitrogenous bases. On a smaller scale, DNA is made up of complementary nucleotide sequences. There are four different nucleotides: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). Humans have approximately 3 billion of these base pairs. However, not all of them are coding sequences. Approximately 1.3% of the DN A codes for proteins, the rest, have many varied functions that are stillRead MoreAbstract. 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A particular amino acid is very important in catalytic activity, ligand binding, protein folding or other function. Amino acid residue significanc e is tested by making conservative substitutions or by changing the aminoRead MoreTask1 Essay783 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Biochemistry Competence 208.5.1: DNA,RNA Nicole Seegmiller-Mott Western Governors University Abstract This a brief written report on the role of DNA, RNA and transmission on information within a cell to create amino acids. Biochemistry Competence 208.5.1: DNA,RNA DNA replication is an intricate process that requires many different proteins. Each protein preforms a very specific function in the creation of a new DNA strand. First helicase works by unwinding or dividing the original double helixRead MoreEssay about The Question of Biology is Why?1518 Words   |  7 Pageswill be analyzing two very different processes: DNA Replication and the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). 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Another structure identified within many nucleoli (particularly in plants) is a clear area in the center of the structure referred to as a nucleolar vacuoleRead MoreDna Is A Polymer Of Nucleotides1181 Words   |  5 PagesDNA is a polymer of nucleotides, each consisting of three components. These components include a nitrogenous base, a deoxyribose sugar and a phosphate group. The hydrophobic nitrogenous bases are in the DNA molecules interior with the negatively charged phosphate groups on the outside. Strong covalent bonds link each unit of the nucleotide together. Between the stacked pairs Van der Waals interactions play an important role in holding the molecule together. There are four different bases called adenine

Irp Lost and Found Free Essays

In the story Lost and Found by Anne Scarf, There were many minor conflicts, but two major conflicts. The decisions the girls made to resolve the major conflicts lead to retaliation. One major conflict in the story was that Jamie, a 14 year old middle- school student, was dating a boy named Bobby Wallace, a high-school student, who wasn’t a boy anyone would recommend talking to. We will write a custom essay sample on Irp Lost and Found or any similar topic only for you Order Now Game’s older sister, Dairy (who was also a high school student) tried to convince her younger sister that she wouldn’t be socializing with him. The second major problem was the girl’s father left them for 5 years, and now decides he wants to be a part of their lives. In the story, the youngest sister ran away because she was overwhelmed. They had no clue where she was, that’s pretty much why I chose to make a missing persons t-shirt. When someone is missing, wearing t-shirts is a way good way to inform others that someone is missing. I added the books descriptions to describe Jamie and tried to raw a picture of how Jamie might look. In the story her father thought to look under a tree, which was where they found her. It was the last place she was happy. In all actuality, people don’t think to look under a tree to find you, so I think the t-shirt idea would be useful. People evaluate your clothes every day and in real life, people wear t-shirt when someone is missing, or when someone dies. It catches other people attention and encourages them to help look. How to cite Irp Lost and Found, Papers

The effects of the evolution of the tennis racquet Essay Example

The effects of the evolution of the tennis racquet Paper The game has changed dramatically over the last 30 years with the advancement of racquets being the major factor, of which most of the tactical techniques are finally being based around. This is because the racquet technology is increasing the power at which players can hit the ball which is changing the game in terms of technique hugely. This has in particular helped the service dominate matches, often leading to very little break of serve; simply because the services can be so powerful that its near impossible for a player to return them at all/with any accuracy. The power at which the ball can now be hit is the major factor in terms of tactical changes by players and coaches in tennis, as in the 1980s players were struggling to reach 110mph yet with the modernization of the tennis racquet players are aiming to serve at 130-150 mph; which is obviously a dramatic increase and will obviously have to play a part in the tactics of the game.  A big change which has been noticed as new players have been coming through to be successful are the lack of serve volleyers, in particularly on the grass court. The only real successful player using the serve volley at the last Wimbledon was Tin Henman. This is because the players can hit the ball so hard from the baseline and get convincing and aesthetically pleasing winners that they dont need to serve and volley; then players who do try and use the serve volley tactics can easily be beaten by powerful shots from the baseline players. We will write a custom essay sample on The effects of the evolution of the tennis racquet specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The effects of the evolution of the tennis racquet specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The effects of the evolution of the tennis racquet specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In particularly recently you can see the base line players coming out on top in all the tournaments and the over all rankings. For example in the rankings at the moment we can only really see one player ranking inside the top 10 that uses the serve volley tactic effectively; which is A. Agassi, although in comparison to players such as Tin Henman he uses the tactic rarely. The baseline players such as Federer, Safin, Ferrero and Roddick are dominating the tennis scene at the moment with their powerful services and powerful base line shots. Many people today argue that the evolution of the tennis racquet has gone too far and has made the sport too easy to win in very shot rallies and thus making it very boring in terms of a spectator sport. This is because the players can generate so much power and speed due too the advanced size, shape and materials of the racquet design that its now much easier for players to get aces or play shots which will easily pass the opponent. The introduction of rollers also benefits players massively as they work by distributing the force of the ball throughout the string bed rather than just he direct strings which had been struck by the ball; almost making the string bed act like one large string striking the ball rather than a bed of them. The string bed compresses much farther when the ball strikes it, this is said to make the string bed livelier; this not only increases the power of the shot but also reduces the effort of the shot and also the shock of this shot. The players have to keep up with the technology of the new racquets else they will be left at a distinct disadvantage to players who are utilising the technological advances. Although many people argue that some rules and regulations should be laid down to stop any further development of the tennis racquet as they argue that the game is becoming to boring to watch as the rallies are usually over in a 1, 2 or 3 shots. While this may be down to player skill its more likely that it is down to the development of the tennis racquet as in the 1980s and 1990s the average shots per rally were much higher than they are nowadays. To make the mens game in particular more exciting to the viewing public measures should be taken in order to reduce the power at which the ball can be hit; this will reduce the big servers advantage and make serve returns easier and thus making the rallies average length increase again. This could be done by putting limitations on the racquets which would cause a lot of complications and would be hard to standardise the racquets to meet each players need but still make them less powerful. Another much easier way of effectively slowing the game down and making it more aesthetically pleasing would be to change the type of balls used; as this would be simple to test and put into use in comparison to trying to change all the racquets which would cost much more money and cause a lot more hassle for tennis players and governing bodies. For example they could make the balls more absorbent and so absorbing some of the power from the racquet and making it travel slower and bounce less. Bibliography http://news.bbc.co.uk/.

Essay on Peter Singers ethics

Essay on Peter Singers ethics Essay on Peter Singers ethics Essay on Peter Singers ethicsThere exist different types of arguments in the media: categorical, propositional, analogical, causal, statistical arguments, etc. Among these, one can identify ethics-focused arguments which are referred to as moral arguments. The video named Peter Singers ethics contains numerous examples of moral arguments; in fact, moral argument is the kind of argument that Peter Singer predominantly uses in the video to convey his opinion.The issue that Peter Singer addresses in his video is the moral value of the choices that people make in their lives and the choices that people choose not to make in their lives. The focus of Singers idea is on the fact that it is not sufficient to avoid harming people and other living beings; it is also important to consider whether personal choices contribute to making the world a better place, and whether the persons choices are good in the moral sense. Singer supports his arguments with a vivid example: most people would choos e to save a drowning boy and sacrifice a pair of expensive shoes in such situation, but at the same time many people choose to buy luxurious and expensive things despite the fact that they could save several boys by donating these money. In this case, Singer illustrates that it is easy to be commonly moral, but it is more difficult to evaluate own choices not only in evidently critical situations but in ordinary situations as well.Singer uses the type of argument which is referred to as moral argument. According to Rainbolt Dwyer (2014), a moral argument is such an argument the conclusion of which asserts something to be morally good or morally bad. The premises of Singers arguments are the following: it is morally good to care about other living beings and make choices that make the world better for others, and it is morally bad to cause suffering of other human beings and to avoid helping when there are resources available for helping. Hence, Singer implicitly concludes that purc hasing luxurious goods is not moral as it is better to help the poor, and that eating meat is not moral because other sentient living beings have to suffer.Singers view is approved from the deontological point of view. Deontological arguments rely on the specific intrinsic value of an action or a choice (Rainbolt Dwyer, 2014). Singer ascribes positive moral value to helping other living beings and reducing their suffering. These intrinsic features are universalizable (Rainbolt Dwyer, 2014) and it would be beneficial for the society if everyone shared such views. Therefore, Singer presents valid deontological moral arguments in his video.

Typical Flame Temperature for Different Fuels

Typical Flame Temperature for Different Fuels This is a list of flame temperatures for various common fuels. Adiabatic flame temperatures for common gases are provided for air and oxygen. For these values, the initial temperature of air, gas, and oxygen are 20 Â °C. MAPP is a mixture of gases, chiefly methyl acetylene, and propadiene with other hydrocarbons. Youll get the most bang for your buck, relatively speaking, from acetylene in oxygen (3100Â °C) and either acetylene (2400Â °C), hydrogen (2045Â °C), or propane (1980Â °C) in the air. Flame Temperatures This table lists flame temperature alphabetically according to the name of the fuel. Celsius and Fahrenheit values are cited, as available. Fuel Flame Temperature acetylene 3,100 C (oxygen), 2,400 C (air) blowtorch 1,300 C (2,400 F, air) Bunsen burner 1,300-1,600 C (2,400-2,900 F, air) butane 1,970 C (air) candle 1,000 C (1,800 F, air) carbon monoxide 2,121 C (air) cigarette 400-700 C (750-1,300 F, air) ethane 1,960 C (air) hydrogen 2,660 C (oxygen), 2,045 C (air) MAPP 2,980 C (oxygen) methane 2,810 C (oxygen), 1,957 C (air) natural gas 2,770 C (oxygen) oxyhydrogen 2,000 C or more (3,600 F, air) propane 2,820 C (oxygen), 1,980 C (air) propane butane mix 1,970 C (air) propylene 2870 C (oxygen)

How Can Piagetian Theory be used to facilitate teaching activities in Term Paper

How Can Piagetian Theory be used to facilitate teaching activities in learning centers - Term Paper Example He emphasized the use of questioning that lead children to think philosophically and designed tasks that call upon high-level cognition; problem solving, reasoning, and understanding of complex concepts (Siegler & Ellis, 1996). To Piaget, children’s cognitive behaviour is intrinsically rather than extrinsically motivated. Even if it is a fact that social interactions and other reinforcements influence how a child thinks, Piaget maintains that children learn and think naturally because they are designed and have been evolved to do so. He came up with the Stages of Cognitive Development because he believed that intellectual development is influenced by both maturation and experience. â€Å"Cognitive development is indicated by a growing ability to plan, to employ strategies for remembering and to seek solutions to problems† (Brewer, 2001: 26). Piaget describes that cognitive development of children progress in stages. The initial stage is the Sensorimotor Stage of babies and toddlers. This period is characterized by interactions with the environment based on the child’s reception of sensory input and muscular reactions. The task of this period is to develop the concept of object permanence, the idea that objects exist even when they cannot be seen or heard. (Brewer, 2001). The Preoperational Period (two to seven years) marks the time when a child becomes able to represent objects and knowledge through imitation, symbolic play, drawing, mental images and spoken language. Lack of conservation skills is also characteristic of this stage. â€Å"Conservation is defined as the knowledge that the number, mass, area, length, weight, and volume of objects are not changed by physically rearranging the objects.† (Brewer, 2001: 46) The ages of seven to eleven or twelve years falls under the Concrete Operational Period. Children at this age begin to think more operationally. Piaget and Inhelder (1969) described the operational thinker as one who em ploys â€Å"identity or reversibility by inversion or reciprocity† (99) in solving problems. They have moved on from being egocentric and consider that others may come to conclusions that differ from theirs. 2. Adult’s role in child development Piaget is a proponent of Consructivist philosophy in education. This philosophy premises on the belief that learners â€Å"construct† their own learning, and in effect, have better retention of it. â€Å"In the Constructivist theory the emphasis is placed on the learner or the student rather than the teacher or the instructor.   It is the learner who interacts with objects and events and thereby gains an understanding of the features held by such objects or events.   The learner, therefore, constructs his/her own conceptualizations and solutions to problems.   Learner autonomy and initiative is accepted and encouraged.† (Van Ryneveld, n.d., n.p.). Adults who adhere to Piagetian theories give the students more power in the acquisition of learning. Using prior knowledge, children are encouraged to invent their own solutions and try out their own ideas and hypotheses with the able support of their teachers. This way, they can indulge in concrete experiences that focus on their interests. The process of searching for information, analysing data and reaching conclusions is considered more important than learning facts. Teachers come up with several strategies in capturing their students’ attention, and courses are offered in helping educators become more efficient in imparting

Information and Communication Technologies Research Paper

Information and Communication Technologies - Research Paper Example Over time customers have become more and more demanding when it comes to quality of food and of fine dining (Gundersen, Heide, & Olsson, 1996). Hoteliers have admitted that there is an increase in competition when it comes to restaurants and the quality of food being provided to the customer. One of the reasons of the increase in competition is the creation of new concepts. Moreover exposure given to chefs and cooking experts by media has significantly raised the expectations of customers (Boone, 2008). Furthermore food served at restaurants in a hotel tends to act as a factor in determining a hotel’s position in the market (Boone, 2008). A guest at a hotel tends to judge the hotel based on the dining experience that he or she has (Gundersen, Heide, & Olsson, 1996). Business objectives and strategies: The business objectives of the restaurant can be divided into two main categories increase revenue generated and cut down unnecessary expenditures of the restaurant. ... The second approach is based on arranging a celebrity night at the restaurant that would help attract a number of customers to the restaurants (Fine, 2010). Contacting celebrities would depend upon the restaurant owner’s PR and his or her network (Fine, 2010). The third approach would be marketing about the restaurant via the internet (Bailey, 2011). Online advertising would be the main tool used for promoting the restaurant over the internet (Janoschka, 2003). Through online marketing the management of the restaurant would be able to get its message across to a large number of potential customers (Janoschka, 2003). Online advertising makes use of social media websites, mobile advertising and display advertising (Janoschka, 2003). To help increase the profit margin a price vibration model would be implemented at the restaurant. The model is based on two basic activities. The first activity is to increase the prices on the menu when the traffic within the restaurant is at its h ighest peak, which is during lunch and dinner time (Schmidgall, Hayes, & Ninemeier, 2002). The second activity is regarding the improvement of the menu. The menu can be improved by removing all those items that are least favorites of the customers. By removing such items from the menu the restaurant would be able to reduce the cost of production and hence helping it increase its overall profit margin. Removing an item from the menu must only be done after a careful analysis (Schmidgall, Hayes, & Ninemeier, 2002). To achieve the third objective of the restaurant, that is to gain customer loyalty, various promotions and rewards would be offered to customers

Livestock Slaughter Animals

Livestock Slaughter Animals Livestock slaughter: Processes, concerns and regulations The slaughter of livestock animals is an essential part of the world today. There are many methods and tools that can be used on the livestock. Slaughtering is performed for many reasons, the most common would be for human consumption but there is religious slaughter that is also practiced in many parts of the world. There are many laws that are enforced to ensure that the slaughter of livestock is conducted correctly and humanely to guarantee the safety of the products that are used for human consumption. The history of slaughter started as a way of survival, as humans began to become civilized they discovered that it was easier to contain the animals that they previously hunted and to put them on high protein diets to increase their weight. The more weight, the more useable product that came from the animal. Today slaughter is no longer just for survival, it is also used to control the livestock population. Although human consumption is still the primary reason, if animal slaughter did not exist their populations would increase dramatically and would become overpopulated causing inbreeding and risk of disease. The common practice of slaughter starts with the initial killing of the animal, either by a firearm shot to the head or a stunning method which is also applied to the head. The animal is then hoisted up by its hind legs with meat hooks inserted into made slits between the bone and tendon just above the hocks. The processing of a cow starts with the expulsion of the insides. Certain edible parts can be kept such as the heart, liver and intestines which can be used as casings for sausage mixes. This starts with the cutting through the hide on the hind legs just below the meat hooks and continues down the cow so the insides can now be removed. Removal of the insides is easily done and virtually mess free if an empty barrel is pressed against the chest of the animal and the insides are then rolled into the barrel as you cut down the belly. After the animal is cleaned out it is then skinned, which is the removal of its hide. Next the head and legs are removed from the animal, this is usua lly done with a hacksaw or a reciprocating saw specially made for the butchering of animals. The carcass is then cut vertically into two halves and stored into a cooler. The purpose of the cooler is to prevent microorganism growth on the carcass so it will delay decomposition of the carcass. After the carcass is fully chilled it is then brought out into the butchering end of the facility. The end of processing the animal starts with the halving the halves, so the full carcass has now been quartered. Specialty cuts are then made from here like your T-bone steak, chops, ribs, etc. All cuts of meat that are made go through a process called de-boning. It is a simple process where you make the specialty cuts, trim fat, and remove any bones and defaults in the meat. The extra meat, also called â€Å"scraps† are then put into a grinder and made into ground beef. From here it is basically the customers choice on what they desire from the animal and it is then wrapped and put into a storage freezer for the customer to pickup. Ritual, or religious slaughter, is also practiced in many parts of the world and is still practiced today. These slaughter practices are sacred and have to be performed a certain way in order to be considered religious. This type of slaughter is usually performed with the sacrifice of an animal. The difference between regular slaughter houses and ritual slaughter is the way that it is performed. The sacrificial animal has to be terminated in a certain way, usually by bleeding out and some parts of the animal can not be consumed. The two most common types of ritual slaughter are Kosher slaughter and Halal. (J.M. Regenstein, 2003) Kosher slaughter is the law of Kashrut, it is practiced by the Jewish religion but not every one in this religion follows the kosher practice because of the todays society and the practice is thought to be an outdated ritual. This practice is based upon the act of faith and being obedient to God, many of the kosher laws are derived from the Old Testament in the Bible. In order for the food to be considered Kosher, only certain livestock animals can be used such as beef, sheep, goats, and deer with no flaws or diseases. The â€Å"law† of this is that only animals that chew their cud and have cloven hooves are considered to be kosher. (J.M. Regenstein, 2003) The processes of the ritual slaughter is that as much blood as possible has to be drained from the animal, since in this religion it is forbidden to ingest the blood of the animal. The common practice of draining the blood of the animal is to cut the animals throat with an extremely sharp knife. The carcass is then hung so that the blood will drain out, after being hung, the carcass is washed and salted with â€Å"kosher salt† and cooked to well done. Halal is another form of religious slaughter that is practiced by the Muslim religion. Halal means lawful or permitted and the opposite of halal is haram which means unlawful or prohibited. Many foods are referred to as being either halal or haram. The animal must be slaughtered with only the use of an extremely sharp knife. One of the major arguments about religious slaughter is that it is considered cruel to the animal and is not a humane act of slaughtered because of the restraint methods. Most slaughter plants restrain the live animal in an upright position before the initial killing of the animal, but there are also some religious slaughter plants that hang the live animal upside down and then do the killing. Hanging a live animal upside down has many negative affects such as the possibility of harm to the animal and also to the people performing the practice. (J.M. Regenstein, 2003) Minnesota state law states the following as the humane way to terminate a livestock animal. The law requires humane slaughter of livestock, defined as any method of slaughtering livestock which normally causes animals to be rendered insensible to pain by a single blow of a mechanical instrument or shot of a firearm or by chemical, or other means that are rapid and effective; or by methods of preparation necessary to Halal ritual slaughter, Jewish ritual slaughter and of slaughtering required by the ritual of the Islamic or Jewish faith. â€Å"Livestock† under this act is limited to cattle, horses, swine, sheep and goats. Any slaughterer who by act or failure to act violates section 31.591 is guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished accordingly. (Minnesota State Statute: 31.59-592) There are many different methods of slaughtering that are practiced. The cheapest would be a firearm shot to head of the animal; the most used would be the stunning method, where there are multiple stunning tools and practices. There is also a captive bolt, electrical, gas and anoxic stunning methods that are used as well. The most controversial method of slaughter would be the stunning of an animal because if not done correctly can cause only nerve damage while the cow is still conscious and alive while being processed. Recent concerns about captive bolt stunning in livestock is the spread of BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy), also know as, mad cow disease. A possible risk in using this method is that when the animal is stunned that the brain matter is forced through the jugular vein and passes through the lungs and enters the edible carcass. This poses a threat that if the animal being slaughtered had the BSE prion, an infective protein agent, in their brain and this is passed into the carcass and then later sold for human consumption. (Anil, M.H., 2001) Variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease (BSE in humans) is another concern when discussing methods of stunning in slaughter. This disease is caused by the consumption of contaminated central nervous system tissue that had been passed through the body of the animal into the edible parts of the carcass. (Paul Brown, 2001) The most recent topic of interest in the livestock industry today is the Bovine Tuberculosis (TB) and the effect it will have on, not only the cattle farms, but the slaughter houses themselves. The slaughter plants will now have to increase their sanitation practices to prevent the disease from spreading from carcass to carcass if an infected animal were to be brought in to be processed. With limited funding for the TB infected herds, most farmers are just taking their animals in and butchering them because they either cant sell them because their infected or cant afford to have their entire herd tested. This brings up another issue of an overload of animals to be slaughtered and the fact that if they are bringing in cattle that are infected or have the recessive gene that it would be spread to other carcasses. Millions of pounds of red meat are already being commercial produced, which means how much red meat is currently being produced and sold. So, if every farmer were to bring his cattle to slaughter because they cant afford to TB test their herd, the amount of red meat production would increase dramatically and could cause an overload of product. This also causes concern for the consumers who are afraid to purchase the byproducts because of their fear of contracting the diseases that are now the primary concerns in the livestock industry. This graph shows the trend of red meat production of the past two years and the beginning of the 2008 year. As you can readily see that the numbers are already significantly higher than the past two. The slaughter of livestock used to be a way to support the high demand of meat products and to eliminate overpopulation, but with the changing of cultures, it has become a hassle. There are so many health issues and not enough inspectors to oversee all the types of slaughter plants; that diseases are slipping through into products that are later sold to consumers. There are several types of slaughter plants and not all of them are equally inspected either; this could be one of the many problems with the control of disease of the end products. There are generally four types of slaughter plants; FI, TA, NFI, and custom exempt plants. Federally inspected (FI) plants transport meat interstate and they have to employ federal inspectors to comply with USDA standards. Talmedge-Aiken (TA) plants are under the USDA responsibility for inspection. Although considered federally inspected, the inspections are carried out by state employees. Non-federally Inspected (NFI) plants sell and transport only intrastate. There are individual state standards where state inspectors have to comply with and mobile slaughtering units are considered farm slaughter and are excluded from this. Custom-Exempt plants do not sell meat but operate on a custom basis. The animals and meat products are not inspected but the facilities are, and have to meet health standards. Custom-Exempt plants are considered NFI plants and head kill is included in NFI totals. (Agricultural Statistics Board NASS, USDA, 2006, PP 21/23) Every slaughter plant has sanitation requirements and procedures that they have to follow in order to keep their business running. The requirements are met and periodically checked by inspectors, either federally inspected or state inspected. These inspections are made to ensure the quality and safety of the meat that is being sent out from these plants. To ensure this quality of production, humane slaughter of the animal is required also. What is considered humane? This is a rising question to many inspectors and slaughterers, and this question is still unanswered to many of them. What is thought to be humane may in fact not be humane to the animal, and since we cannot feel its pain we cant determine whether the methods used are painless or not. And this is why slaughter laws have come into effect. The first law of humane slaughter was voluntary and came into effect in 1958. The law required that the livestock to be rendered insensible to pain. This was achieved by a blow, gunshot, or electrical or chemical means; it was to be rapid and effective before shackling, hoisting, casting, or gutting. (animal law statutes, citation 7 USC 1901-1907, 2008) The law that is currently enforced by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is known as the Humane Slaughter Act. This act became effective in 1978 and instead of being voluntary this law is mandatory for all slaughter houses. The only exception to the statutory requirement of rendering the animal insensible to pain; is ritual slaughter, which still needs to be approved in order to be carried out. The Humane Slaughter act of 1978 concludes that the use of humane methods on livestock for slaughter results in a safer environment and better working conditions for persons engaging in the slaughtering practices. This also improves benefits for producers, processors, and consumers that tend to accelerate a constant flow of livestock and byproducts across state and country borders. If the humane slaughter of livestock continues, the end products and consumer satisfaction will remain steady and will bring comfort to those who anticipate disease spreading because of unlawful slaughtering practices. (Animal law statutes, citation 7 USC 1901-1907, 2008) The slaughter of livestock is not only a high demand of todays population, but it is also a necessity. It is beneficial to the human race, economy, and is becoming a world renounce trade. With the world today, slaughter has evolved from a way of survival to becoming versatile and plays an important role in the economy. The slaughter of livestock is an essential part of the human lifestyle and will continue to deliver and progress with the ever changing future of the world.

Describe How and Why the Fertility Rate in Brazil Is Changing

Describe how and why the fertility rate in Brazil is changing Brazil, along with Russia, India and China (known collectively as the BRIC countries) is industrialising rapidly and going through dramatic demographic change. Its rate of growth has far exceeded that of current MEDCs, experiencing in 25 years the kind of change that would be expected in 100 years. The changes range from the economy, the industry and agriculture to the population and trends associated with it.As of 2011 the fertility rate in Brazil is a mere 1. 83, far lower than the other BRIC countries. For example the fertility rate of India is currently 2. 62. Brazil’s story is abnormal as its fertility rate is below the replacement rate (2. 1), especially when considering that much of the working population is still involved in agriculture and industry. The reasons for the sharp decline in fertility are similar to those associated with development, albeit Brazil has experienced these over a much shorter period of time.Education has improved drastically in the past 50 years in brazil; state-funded education is now compulsory for children aged 6-14 with most children continuing their studies beyond this. By the 1980s education reached a level of equality for boys and girls, but perhaps surprisingly females on average continued their studies for 1. 3 years longer than males (as of 2000). This shows that women are much more career driven than they used to be in the 1960s, when women were a small part of the total workforce.As of 2000 this has completely turned on its head, with women making up 54% of the working population. In the past if a woman did have a job it tended to be low-responsibility with mediocre career prospects and pay, but now many women occupy important roles in society and earn large salaries. With women now working more they have less desire to start a family. This means that they put off marriage until a lot later in life, meaning that when they do settle down they have le ss time to have children.Television has played a surprisingly large role in this change, and has a large influence on the lives of many Brazilians. ‘Novelas’ (soap operas) are extremely popular and have altered the way many people live. The people in these novelas always have small families (3-4 people) and the children are usually well stocked with the latest gadgets such as mobile phones. It is assumed that many Brazilians aspire to live this kind of life and many will take note that this is partly down to small families. The female characters are often particularly strong-willed, successful business omen who focus on their career over their love life. President Dilma Rousseff reinforces this statement and has one child, a daughter, and has proved that women can lead extremely successful lives in Brazil. President Rousseff, along with other women’s rights campaigners, helped take down the problem of ‘machismo’ in Brazil. An example of their protect ion of women is separate ‘women only’ carriages on night trains to prevent rape. Advertisements on tv and bill boards promoting contraception and family planning are also omnipresent.The incredibly high accessibility to contraception, abortions and family planning services is an incredibly significant reason for changing fertility rates in Brazil. It is surprising considering the country’s catholic beliefs which rejects all forms of contraception and birth-prevention. As a result of this abortions are still only allowed in the case of rape or threat to the mother. Despite this illegal abortions are commonplace and over-the-counter drugs that initiate termination are easy to come by. Despite being strictly illegal little is done to stop this.Whilst abortion does remain a sensitive subject (as it does in most countries) contraception is freely available. In fact a 2011 survey showed that 85% of Brazilians were against amendments to the abortion law. Many doctorâ₠¬â„¢s surgeries go so far as to give out condoms for free especially in cities and favelas where fertility is at its highest. Urbanisation in Brazil has been very rapid due to the increased industry. Many live in favelas, and much of the rest of the urban population lives in cheap high-rise apartments. These homes are small by design and having a family of more than 4 could lead to lack of space.The favelas are so common in Brazil that a drop in fertility should be a huge relief to many. Rochina, a favela next to Rio de Janeiro, has a population of somewhere between 150,000 and 300,000 although this is difficult to accurately measure. Small cars are popular, and shops sell food in serving sizes suited for 4 people. This appears to show a shift towards products being suited to small families. As families get smaller, parents have more money to spend on each child, so gadgets and expensive toys are becoming more popular, with their advertisement on television increasing too.In the 180 0s the death of a child was common so families were large to ensure that at least some survived, but nowadays this is less likely and Brazilian families are now starting to illustrate this change. The value of a child is significantly higher and families often don’t recover from the loss of an offspring. Parents are spending more on their children not only because they can now afford to, but also because they want to give the few children that they have the best shot at success. Economic and industrial development of Brazil has increased the standard of living as a whole.Since 2000, life expectancy has jumped from 54 to 72, and infant mortality rates have nearly halved from 38 to 20/1000 live births. Sanitation improving enormously has helped, and people who move in to cities now often find clean, fresh water and sanitation facilities (e. g. clean toilets and sinks). Even favelas are improving in this case, with communal development projects becoming increasingly common. Heal thcare has improved dramatically too (as shown by the shockingly sharp decline in infant mortality) and even the poor can access healthcare as basic care is free.Brazil can be considered an anomaly; however there does appear to be a growing trend in rapid development in the LEDW. Falling fertility rates has reduced the pressure on healthcare and education allowing more money to be spent per person equalling a better overall experience and service. Female empowerment is very important too, in both the economic output of the nation and the fall in fertility rates. However Brazil must be wary of the potential pitfalls of this rapid growth – e. g. an elderly population.

Patent Protection and Patentability of the Exit Poll Machine Free Essay Example, 3000 words

In the case of Intalite International NV v Cellular Ceilings Limited, it was held that if the invention is not obvious on the skilled worker test, the invention will automatically satisfy the inventive step test and that it is necessary to evaluate the invention as a whole. Additionally, the invention must be capable of industrial application. Exclusions from patentability are included in sections 1(2) and 1(3) of the PA, which in general excluded scientific discoveries and mathematical methods and computer programs unless they can be established to produce a novel technical effect. An application may be made for the UK patent, for a European Patent designating a number of member states of the European Patent Convention (EPC) or under the Patent Co-Operation Treaty designating some of or all of the contracting states (www. uk) In all cases applications can be handled by the Patent Office in London, however, European applications can instead be filed directly with the European Paten t Office, in which case permission must first be obtained from the UK patent office to ensure that the application does not compromise national security as required under section 23 of the Patents Act 1977 (PA 1977). The filing date and priority date are important in the application process as this is the date the application is received by the Patent Office and the state of the art at the priority date that is considered when judging a patent for novelty (Macqueen, Waelde, Laurie, 2007). We will write a custom essay sample on Patent Protection and Patentability of the Exit Poll Machine or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page